Leather processing is a complex process that involves a variety of techniques to turn raw hides into the finished product. The type of leather processing used depends on the desired end product, as well as the type of leather being processed. The most common types of leather processing include tanning, dyeing, finishing, and embossing. Tanning is the process of preserving the hide by treating it with chemicals, oils, and other agents. This process helps to make the leather more durable and resistant to water and other elements. Dyeing is the process of adding color to the leather, either through natural dyes or synthetic dyes. Finishing is the process of adding a protective coating to the leather, such as wax or oil, to help protect it from wear and tear. Embossing is the process of creating a pattern or design on the leather, either through stamping or engraving. All of these processes are important for creating the desired end product, and each type of leather processing requires specialized knowledge and skill.
Leather tanning is the process of transforming raw animal hides into leather. The hides are soaked in a solution of water and chemicals to remove the hair and flesh, and then they are treated with a tanning agent to preserve the leather and make it more durable. The tanning process can take anywhere from a few days to several weeks, depending on the type of leather being produced. The most common tanning agents used are chromium, vegetable, and alum. Chromium tanning is the most popular and produces a strong, durable leather that is resistant to water and other elements. Vegetable tanning is a more natural process that uses tannins from tree bark and other plant materials to tan the leather. Alum tanning is a less common process that produces a softer leather that is more susceptible to water damage. After the tanning process is complete, the leather is then dyed, finished, and treated with a protective coating to make it more resistant to wear and tear.