Leather processing is a complex process that involves several steps. The first step is the selection of the hide, which is usually done by a professional leather technician. The hide is then inspected for any defects and the appropriate tanning process is chosen. Tanning is the process of treating the hide to make it more durable and resistant to water and other elements. The most common tanning processes are vegetable tanning, chrome tanning, and alum tanning. After the tanning process is complete, the hide is then dyed and finished. The dyeing process can involve a variety of techniques, such as air-drying, hand-dyeing, and machine-dyeing. The finishing process involves the application of a protective coating to the leather, which helps to protect it from wear and tear. Finally, the leather is cut and sewn into the desired shape and size. Leather processing is an important part of the leather industry and is essential for producing quality leather products.
Leather finishes are the final step in the leather tanning process and can be used to create a variety of looks and textures. The most common types of leather finishes are aniline, semi-aniline, pigmented, and nubuck. Aniline leather is the most natural looking and has a soft, supple feel. It is dyed with soluble dyes that penetrate the hide and allow the natural grain and markings to show through. Semi-aniline leather is similar to aniline but has a thin protective coating that helps to protect it from stains and fading. Pigmented leather is the most durable and has a thicker protective coating that helps to resist fading, scratches, and stains. Nubuck leather is a type of aniline leather that has been buffed to create a velvety texture. It is more susceptible to staining and fading than other types of leather and requires more care. Leather finishes can also be combined to create unique looks and textures. For example, a combination of aniline and pigmented leather can create a distressed look that is both stylish and durable.